Applicability of pressure retarded osmosis power generation. Osmotic power plant wall street international magazine. A first course in renewable energy iap 2009 massachusetts institute of technology instructor mohammadreza alam phd course description this is an engineering introduction to renewable energy technologies and potentials. This paper examines the osmotic energy research which has been carried out around the world. Pdf recent advances in osmotic energy generation via pressure. Statkraft will now discontinue its efforts and leave the technology development to other players in the global market.
In conclusion, large scale osmotic power generation employing freshwaterseawater scheme is amajor undertaking with questionable merits and negative economical consequences. Pro was first developed in the early 70s as a way to turn osmotic pressure into electrical power. Chemical potential is a unique source of energy that under certain conditions can be converted to useful energy. For animal cells, the water potential is the osmotic potential of the cytoplasm. Osmotic power generation report free download as word doc. This presentation gives an overview and basic idea of how osmotic power generation works and possible advancements in future. The document is a presentation regarding osmotic power generation. In fact, having two communicating tanks, respectively containing fresh and salt water, and having a semipermeable membrane inbetween the two. Many countries are producing the power against its opportunies and wrong methods. Osmotic power could be the next major renewable energy. It utilizes the phenomenon that upon the mixing of fresh water and oceanic salt water e. Mit study could slash the cost of renewable osmotic power.
Pressure retarded osmosis process for power generation. Why osmotic power emissions free renewable unlike wind or solar power works whatever the weather. Reverse osmosis is a process which occurs when pressure, greater than the osmotic pressure, is applied to the concentrated solution. Energy consumption rate is increasing very rapidly everyday. Forward osmosis is a natural phenomenon that occurs around us on a daily basis. The ambition has been to develop a competitive, new technology for production of renewable energy within 2020.
The company is building the worlds first complete facility for osmotic power generation and believes a fullscale commercial plant could be up and running as early as 2015. Osmotic power pdf due to the natural fluctuations of solar and wind power generation. Statkraft osmotic power prototype at tofte hurum, norway. The tendancy for water to flow throgh the membrane is expressed as osmotic pressure presentation of presure retatded osmosis is shown in fig. Reverse osmosis in desalination and pressure retarded osmosis pro in power generation by randy truby toray membrane usa, inc. Osmotic power which creates renewable and sustainable power by using naturally occurring processes. Osmotic power generation by inner selective hollow fiber membranes. Recent advances in osmotic energy generation via pressure. Generation of organic or fixed acids conditions affecting hco 3 concentration in ecf figure 27 14a interactions among the carbonic acidbicarbonate buffer system and compensatory mechanisms in the regulation of plasma ph. It is instructive to compare the data obtained here and for other membranes. The fundamental principles of electricity generation were discovered during the.
Worlds first osmotic power plant prototype tofte, norway. If osmotic power becomes feasible, it offers huge potential for future clean energy generation as, while wind and solar energy are very dependent on. Theoretical and experimental investigations of the. Ppt osmosis powerpoint presentation free to download.
It is called as the salinity power and the principle is known as pressure retarded osmosis. This category consists of vtu mechanical seminar topics ppt, mechanical seminar topics ideas, mechanical seminar topics free download, final year mechanical seminar topics latest. An indepth investigation into the theory behind how osmotic pressure is used as a way of producing power is presented. It should be noted, however, that the power generation capacity of an osmotic power plant is not limited by the power density of the membranes, but rather by the availability of feed solution in the environment, making it important that the plant operates at high efficiency i. Molecular design of membranes for osmotic power generation xue li1, sui zhang1, gang han2, shipeng sun2, panu sukitpaneenit2, taishung chung1,2 1nus graduate school for integrative science and. This byproduct is the result of natural forces that. Basics of osmotic power salinity gradient power or osmotic power is the energy retrieved from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water. Cost has been one of the major obstacles in taking this type of power to the masses, but they have obviously fixed that problem and the new power station is being watched by all with much anticipation.
Mit study could slash the cost of renewable osmotic power by dario borghino. Electricity generation is the process of generating electrical power from other sources of primary energy. Osmotic power, salinity gradient power or blue energy is the energy available from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water. Ppt osmotic power plant powerpoint presentation, free. Jul 10, 2016 osmotic power is a new kind of renewable energy which is being researched upon. From initial experiments conducted in the 1950s which produced a few. Unlike hydropower and wind power, osmotic power plants are not affected by fluctuations in the weather. On the way to a completely renewable energy supply, additional alternatives to hydroelectric, wind, and solar power have to be investigated. Osmotic power generation seminar report, ppt, pdf for. Statkraft osmotic power plant power technology energy. Osmotic power generation seminar report, ppt, pdf for mechanical. This potential represents a worldwide electricity production of more than 1600 twh per year equivalent to half the annual power generation in the european union. Sep 15, 2014 we investigate the performance of pressure retarded osmosis pro at the module scale, accounting for the detrimental effects of reverse salt flux, internal concentration polarization, and external concentration polarization. Pdf osmotic power generation jaffar umraan academia.
This calculator converts automatically the pressure to bar with the following conversion factor. But salinity gradient power generation is seen theoretically has having a higher energy potential than either of the former. It is the type of osmosis that uses a semipermeable membrane in the separation of water from dissolved solutes. Since 1997 one of these development areas has been to aim at costeffective osmotic power generation 3. Osmotic power 2 abstract this paper looks at the potential of osmotic power as a viable future renewable energy resource. The power generation and energy is back bone of every country to survice in this world. Also explore the seminar topics paper on osmotic power generation with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year mechanical engineering me or production automobile students for the year 2019 2020. In this paper, we take an indepth look into the technical details of the osmotic power generation. Electricity generating shock absorber seminar report, ppt. Explore osmotic power generation with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Ppt osmotic power plant powerpoint presentation, free download.
Osmotic power has been commercially introduced as a new fuelfree energy resource. First osmotic power plant is built in tofte, norway in 2009. Successful power generation techniques are those that make use of inexpensive energy sources and that utilize efficient conversions. Pressure retarded osmosis an overview sciencedirect topics. The adobe flash plugin is needed to view this content. Download ppt bn nanosheets with a highly hydroxylated surface were synthesized as described in the experimental procedures and can be nearly effortlessly dispersed in water. Jan 24, 2010 in conclusion, large scale osmotic power generation employing freshwaterseawater scheme is amajor undertaking with questionable merits and negative economical consequences. Reverse osmosis ro is a modern process technology to purify water for a wide range of applications, including semiconductors, food processing, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, power generation, seawater desalting, and municipal drinking water.
Energy consumption is an important aspect in our day to day life. The uploader spent hisher valuable time to create this diabetes mellitus powerpoint presentation slides, to share hisher useful content with the world. The course aims to introduce a general engineeringscience audience to the basic concepts of renewable energy. Electricity generating shock absorber seminar report. Salinity power the pressure build during the osmosis can be used for the power generation. Thinfilm composite pressure retarded osmosis membranes for. Statkraft osmotic power prototype in hurum wikipedia. Statkraft, a norwegian utility company with a strong development attempting to develop new renewable energy technologies. Osmotic power plants produce renewable energy with no polluting discharges to the atmosphere or water. Osmotic power plants use the pressure generated by the transfer of water through the membrane in one direction to generate electricity.
Osmotic power is an attractive concept because, unlike renewables such as solar and wind power, it produces a constant flow of electricity that doesnt depend on the time of day, the weather or. This work focuses on systematic optimization of a twostage ropro process for energyefficient seawater desalination which integrates ro for desalination and pro for power generation into a single process. Based on the postulated example of new orleans osmotic power station, total power requirement is 305 mw, while theoretical power generation is 270 mw. The obtained osmotic pressure with formula 2 is in psi pounds per square inch. Statkraft halts osmotic power investments statkraft. Osmotic power is clean, renewable energy, with a global potential of 1600 to 1700 twh equal to chinas total electricity consumption in 2002. The power plant uses the osmotic gradient that occurs when fresh water and salt water meet, separated by a permeable membrane. There are enormous benefits with osmotic power, namely that its the cleanest, most reliable source of renewable energy on the planet, it is always available and more costeffective than solar or wind power, has a small ecological footprint and it recycles natures resources seawater or wastewater. An osmotic power plant uses the so called mixing entropy.
Training, along with proper operation and maintenance procedures, are key to reducing accidents. According to the predicted gross power per membrane area illustrated by the power density wm 2 in figure 7, the osmotic pressure difference of more than 50 bar is preferred as it allows the generation of a higher power density requiring a lower membrane area for the given 0. Osmotic membrane processes such as reverse osmosis ro and pressure retarded osmosis pro can help alleviate both of these challenges. Anissimov3 4 1 school of engineering, griffith university, australia, f. Capillaries allow exchange between interstitial fluid and blood by active transport passive transport osmosis, diffusion, filtration, facilitated transportation capillaries capillary filtration the organization of a capillary bed capillaries have two basic structures continuous capillaries have complete lining supply most region of body can be. The statkraft osmotic power plant at tofte, norway, is the first osmotic power or salinity gradient power generation plant in the world. Osmotic power is such an alternative with a theoretical global annual potential of up to 14400 twh 70% of the global electricity consumption of 2008 per year. These activities will mainly be focused on membrane modules, pressure exchanger equipment and power generation turbine and generator. For more than a decade, statkraft has developed osmotic power. The abundant renewable energies include solar energy, tidal energy, wind energy, geo thermal energy etc. Generating electricity from salinity gradient energy kindle edition by charles quann author.
If you do not have a water analysis you can use the values given in the right column in the input table. However, these studies ignored the process requirements and. An investigation of thermodynamics, mass transfer, and module scale modelling. Osmotic power is a specific renewable energy alternative that creates renewable and sustainable power by. Free download diabetes mellitus powerpoint presentation slides. Osmotic powerpower production based on the osmotic. Osmotic power, a new renewable source of energy the mixing of freshwater and seawater where rivers flows into the salty ocean releases large amounts of energy that can be used for. Osmotic power or salinity gradient power is the energy available from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water. Optimization of the energy output of osmotic power plants. Osmotic power plant operating by pressure retarded osmosis pro is a promising technology for power generation from renewable resources.
Learn how companies that partner with ge solve the worlds toughest power generation, water, and energy issues through advanced technological innovation. Osmotic power is a new kind of renewable energy which is being researched upon. Every country can produce the power denpen upon its own local opportunits and resoucres under the guidlines of this article and its recoomendations. The project manager at the statkraft osmotic power plant.
Osmotic powerpower production based on the osmotic pressure. Also explore the seminar topics paper on electricity generating shock absorber with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year mechanical engineering me or production automobile students for the year 2019. Osmotic power, a new renewable source of energy the mixing of freshwater and seawater where rivers flows into the salty ocean releases large amounts of energy that can be used for power production. Our analysis offers insights on optimization of three critical operation and design parametersapplied hydraulic pressure, initial feed flow rate fraction, and membrane. The energy in the osmotic power is derived from the difference in salt concentration between the fresh water and the salt water. The general outlook of utilizing osmotic energy for electric power generation is optimistic, and several studies have investigated this technique as a new approach for renewable power generation benefiting from the latest advancements in the membrane manufacturing industry. Mathematical analysis for smallscale osmotic power generation. Two practical methods for this are reverse electrodialysis red and pressure retarded osmosis pro.
Since 1997 one of these development areas has been to aim at costeffective osmotic power generation3. The tight bonding between inorganic and polymeric components at nanofibernanosheet interfaces afforded by lbl technology of materials engineering results in osmotic energy generation devices with longevity and high power generation comparable to red devices, yet more effective because it does not require the use of an electrical pump. If this continues as such then the world will one day face shortage of energy. Osmotic power generation report osmosis chemistry scribd. Osmotic power or salinity gradient is the energy obtained from the difference in salt content of fresh and salt water. Technique to separate solvent fresh water from a solution that is more concentrated sea water and also pressurised.
Osmotic power is a thriving renewable energy source osmotic power plants can be constructed anywhere were freshwater flows out into the sea, provided that the salt concentration is sufficiently high. For pressure retarded osmosis, also known as osmotic power, the released chemical. The primary drawback of a standalone pro process is its relatively low power generation, resulting from the low osmotic pressure difference between seaw ate r and river water. According to the guardian the rise in the carcinogens and other harmful compounds are on rise since 1971. This type of osmosis is widely used in wastewater treatment, osmotic power generation, etc. Osmotic power plants operate by combining salt water and fresh water. This presentation gives an overview and basic idea of how osmotic power. Statkraft osmotic power prototype is the worlds first osmotic power plant, based on the energy of osmosis. Pressureretarded osmosis pro is one of the promising candidates to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels by harnessing energy from the salinity. One of the most recent power generation techniques is osmotic power generation. Technical seminar topics for mechanical engineering with ppt.
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